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先请看下面的经典试题:
---I'm not going swimming this afternoon.
--- _____ .I have to help my mother do some cleaning
A. So am I B. So I am
C. Neither am I D. Neither I am
【易错选项】选A
【易错原因】未掌握so,neither引导的倒装句的区别 。倒装句要避免先入为主的想当然思想 。
【正确答案】C
【试题解析】上句为否定句,所以此处要用 neither引导句子,排除A、B;表示“我也不打算去”要用“ Neither am I.”,故选C 。
下面具体探讨与so有关的几个考点::
1.so通常置于所修饰的形容词、副词之前.
so修饰“a(an)+形容词+名词”时,排列顺序为“so+形容词+a(an)+名词”.如:
I”ve never seen so amusing a film.
我从来没有看过这么有趣的电影.
此时要注意与such的区别,即such修饰“a(an)+形容词+名词”,排列顺序为such +a(an)+形容词+名词.如:
I”ve never seen such a beautiful lake.
我从未见过这么美丽的湖.
此时要注意:a,an置于such之后,但no,any,some,all,many等则置于such之前.如:
I”ve heard of some such rumors.
我听到过一些这样的谣传.
(1) so + 形容词 + a/an + 单数名词 + that从句 = such + a/an + 形容词 + 单数名词+ that从句 。例如:
It was so fine a day yesterday that we all went out for a picnic. = It was such a fine day yesterday that we all went out for a picnic.
昨天天气很好,我们都出去野餐了 。
It is so good a movie that everyone who saw it praises it very much.
这是一部非常好的电影,以至于每一个看过它的人都非常称赞它 。
(2) such + 形容词 + 复数名词/不可数名词 + that从句 。例如:
They are such good students that the teacher likes them.
他们都是很好的学生,老师喜欢他们 。
It was such fine weather yesterday that we went swimming.
昨天天气很好,我们去游泳了 。
(3)当that前的名词有表示数量多少的many, much, few, little等修饰时,只能用so,不能用such 。例如:
There was so much noise outside that we couldn’t hear the teacher.
外面嘈杂声很大,以致我们不能听到老师的话 。
【seen as seen】
He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over.
他跌了这么多的跤,以致全身青一块、紫一块的 。
2.so+系动词(助动词或情态动词)+另一主语.(倒装结构句型)
此句型是主谓倒装结构,表示前句所述肯定情况也适用于另一主语.其中so作“也这样;也如此”解.
此时要注意:so后的系动词、助动词或情态动词须同前一句的谓语动词保持一致.如:
I enjoy reading the book and so does my wife.
我喜欢看这本书,我的妻子也喜欢.
Tony takes exercise every day and so does his younger brother.
托尼每天锻炼,他的弟弟也锻炼 。
Carol is very pretty and so is her sister.
卡罗尔很漂亮,她姐姐也很漂亮 。
He likes skating and so do I.
他喜欢滑冰,我也喜欢 。
Dick speaks French and so does his brother.
狄克讲法语,他弟弟也讲法语 。
I enjoy Ann's company and so does Martin
我喜欢和安在一起,马丁也一样 。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
so用于肯定句,相对应的否定句则用neither/ nor.如:
I don”t like carrots.我不喜欢胡萝卜.
Neither do I.我也不喜欢.
Jenny has never been late for class.Neither/Nor her younger brother.
珍妮上课从不迟到,她弟弟也不迟到 。
上面的试题也是这个用法的考察:
---I'm not going swimming this afternoon.
--- Neither am I .I have to help my mother do some cleaning
今天下午将不去游泳 。
今天下午我也不去游泳 。我得帮助妈妈打扫卫生 。
3.so +主语+系动词(助动词或情态动词)此句型的主语与前一句的主语相同,因而主谓不倒装.
这种句型表示说话者对前句所提到的情况或事实表示赞同,或证实、加强语气等作用;表示对前面陈述事实的强调,结构为:so+主语+助动词/情态动词/be动词其中so作“不错;确实如此”解.如:
Tony works very hard at all the subjects.So he does.
托尼在所有科目上都很用功 。他确实如此 。
Tomorrow is a holiday.''So it is.'
“明天是休假日 。”“的确是 。”
-It is cold today. 今天天气很冷
-So it is 不错,是很冷 。
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