disaster( 三 )


震动之后:流动的再分配
在全球疫情开始缓解的2021年初 , 流动在恢复 , 但是流动的具体方式和意涵——什么群体在怎么流动——在发生变化 。流动在不同群体和方式之间重新分配 。

disaster

文章插图
2021年1月16日 , 危地马拉 , 来自洪都拉斯的又一次难民潮试图经过危地马拉进入美国 。
1. 底层群体不得不继续流动 , 不得不冒险突破各种关于流动的管治 。他们的流动因此更危险也具有更强的非法性 。比如我们在伊朗-阿富汗和伊朗-伊拉克边境地带看到的那样 。
2. 中下层群体 , 可能会对流动采取保守的态度 。像在危地马拉的农民那样 , 会更加意识到流动带来的多种风险 。如何在不流动的情况下维持生计 , 可能成为人们的首选家计策略 。
3. 政府会加强流动的管治 , 但是不一定会减少流动 。像日本的案例显示的那样 , 疫情带来的经济冲击 , 可能让日本政府更需要外劳 , 所以可能会采取措施去稳定、甚至扩大其所谓“技能实习生”计划 。政府的管治可能会体现在微观上的对流动过程的“安全”化 , 而不体现在总量上的控制 。
最后 , 平台公司可能会进一步推进流动的“商品化” 。需要流动但是不愿意流动的人 , 可以购买别人的流动 , 比如外卖、跑腿、快递等服务 。这些流动的“恢复” , 将连带着个体-政府-资本 , 以及地方-国家-全球之间多重关系的变化 。
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