1.在英语句子中,哪些词表示一部分否定,哪些词表示全部否定首先,我们来看看什么是反意疑问句 。
反意问句,是说话人对自己讲述的事实不是十分有把握,提出了肯定与否定或者否定与肯定的两种看法,让对方加以判断 。反意问句的构成可分为两部分,前一部分是个肯定句,后面反意问句就是否定的;如果前一部分是否定句,后面反意问句就是肯定句 。
所以从表面上看,反意问句应该比较简单 。例如:He likes playing football, doesn't he? 他喜欢踢足球, 是吗?Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't. 是的 。
/ 不是 。His sister didn't attend the meeting, did she? 他妹妹没有参加会议, 是吗?Yes, she did. / No, she didn't. 不, 她参加了 。
/ 是的, 她没参加 。按语法规则来说,后半部分的反意问句非常短,就两个词:助动词 代词,如: 。
., may I? / did she? / don't they?/ should he? 等等 。但是,在什么情况下使用什么样的助动词,在什么情况下使用什么样的代词,就比较复杂了 。
这篇文章里的21个注意事项,就是谈这个问题的 。下面来看看这21条到底是什么 。
一、判断前面句子是肯定句还是否定句1. 前面肯定句中用了 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little 等否定含义的词时, 算作否定句,后面的反意问句当然要用肯定形式了 。The boy made no answer, did he ?Some plants never blow, do they ?[注意:不要随便想像哪些词行,哪些词不行 。
比如只有否定前缀的词就不能算作否定句 。请看下面例句.]2. 否定前缀不能视为否定词, 那就是肯定句,后面的反意问句仍用否定形式 。
It is impossible, isn't it?He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?二、关于几个常用词组是助动词还是实义动词3. 前面肯定句中用了have to ( 过去式had to ) , 反意问句用don't /didn't。We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?[have to 的意思是“必须”,但have to 作为实义动词处理,]4. 前面肯定句中的谓语是used to 时, 反意问句部分用usedn't/didn't。
【关于英语中句中有哪些词句子是否定句(文案素材)】He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he?[used to 可以作为助动词处理即usedn't, 也可作为实义动词即didn't]5. 前面肯定句中用了有had better, 反意问句部分用hadn't you?You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?[had better 意为“最好”如何如何,这里仍然用had 来构成反意问句 。]6. 前面肯定句中用了would rather, 反意问句部分多用 wouldn't 。
He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?[would rather 是个词组,意为“宁愿”如何如何,这里仍然作为would 来处理 。]7. 前面肯定句中用了有You'd like to. 反意问句部分用wouldn't。
You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?[would like to 是个词组,意思是“想要”,所以用将来时的would 来正理 。]三、关于几个情态动词的用法8. 前面句子中用了情态动词dare / need, 反意问句部分仍然用dare / need 。
We need not do it again, need we ?He dare not say so, dare you?而当dare / need 为实义动词时, 反意问句部分用助动词do/don't 。She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she?9. 前面肯定句中用了表示推测或虚拟语气的must , 反意问句部分根据实际情况而定 。
(1) must 表示推测He must be a doctor, isn't he?[must 这里是猜测,意为“一定是” 。]They must finish the work today, needn't they? 他们今天必须要完成这项工作, 是吗?[must 这时是情态动词,意为“必须” 。
]It must be going to rain tomorrow, won't it?[must 表示推测,谓语关键是be going to 表示将来时,所以用 will/won't.](2) must have done sth. 表示虚拟语气,have 强调已经做完某事,did/didn't 强调事情本身 。You must have studied English for three years, didn't you/haven't you? ?[两者都行,关键看说话人强调什么部分了 。
]He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he?[强调动作 。]再例如:She must have read the novel last week, didn't she? 她上星期一定读了这本小说了, 是吗? [强调read的动作]You must have told her about it, haven't you? 你一定把这事告诉她了, 是吗? [强调已经做完了某事]10. 前面肯定句中用了ought to,反意问句用oughtn't/shouldn't 。
He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he?[ought to 与 should 的意思非常相近,表示“应当”如何,两者可以替换 。]11. 前面肯定句的谓语是wish, 反意问句要用may。
I wish to have a word with you, may I?[按规则wish 的否定应该是don't ,但wish 这里表示询问是否允许,用了may 。]四、反意问句中使用什么代词12. 前面肯定句中用了neither… nor, either… or , 反意问句部分根据其实际而定 。
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