谓语从句和定语从句的区别谓语从句( 二 )

2) 当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的，例如：
My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden. 我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。
3) 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数，例如：
He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。
Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。
说明：关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。
状语从句
状语从句的种类最多，知识点比较零散，归纳之后有以下几种：
时间状语从句
引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, while, before, after, since, till, until, the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day ， the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner … than,hardly …when, scarcely … when
例：
I didn't realize how special my father was until I was 18.
While Tom was watching TV, his wife was reading.
No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.
Every time I take your advice, I get into trouble.
地点状语从句
引导词：where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere
Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.
Wherever you go, you should bring the mp3 player with you.
原因状语从句
引导词：because, since, as, since, seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that, considering that, in as much as, in so much as
Now that everybody has come, let's begin our clas.
Considering that he is no more than 10 years old, his height of 1.60 m is not normal.
目的状语从句
引导词：so that, in order that, lest, in case, for fear that ， in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that
The boss asked his secretary to give him the letter so that he could send it out himself.
The instructor raised his voice that the students at the back could hear more clearly.
结果状语从句
引导词：so … that, so… that, such … that, such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that,
He got up so early that he caught the first train.
It's such a good chance that we must not miss it.
条件状语从句
引导词：if, unless, as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, suppose that, in case that, on condition that
You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.
Provided that there is no opposition, we shall call off the meeting.
让步状语从句
引导词：though, although, even if, even though, as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装) ， while ( 一般用在句首 ) ， no matter … ， in spite of ， the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever,whenever, however, whichever
Much as I respect him, I can't agree to his proposal.
No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind.
比较状语从句
引导词：as(同级比较), than(不同程度的比较), 特殊引导词：the more … the more … ; just as … ， so…; A is to B what /as X is to Y; no … more than; not A so much as B
She is as bad-tempered as her mother.
The house is three times as big as ours.
The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.
Food is to men what oil is to machine. 食物之于人，犹如油之于机器。
方式状语从句
引导词：as, as if, how, the way
When in Rome, do as the Roman do.
She behaved as if she were the boss.
Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us.
应当注意的知识点有：
引导时间状语从句的连词
主要有when, while, as, by the time, before, after, since, till/until, as soon as等。其中when、while和as都可表示"当……时候",但用法有区别:
1) when意为"在……时;当……时",可表示"点时间"或"段时间",从句谓语可以是终止性动词,也可以是延续性动词。例如: When I got home, he was having supper.
2) as意为"边……边……"或"与……同时",重在表示两个动作同时发生、伴随进行。as从句是终止性动词时,主句通常也必须是终止性动词。例如: They sang as they danced.
3) while只可表示"段时间",从句谓语只限于延续性动词。例如: While I was sleeping, my father came in.
引导原因状语从句的连词
原因状语从句一般由because, since, as, for引导. 注意as, because, since 和for的区别:
1) 如果原因是构成句子的最主要部分, 一般用because 。because引导的从句一般不放在句子的开头。例如: I missed the train because I got up late.

谓语从句和定语从句的区别 谓语从句( 二 )

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谓语从句和定语从句的区别谓语从句( 二 )